Promoting sustainability: tackling energy poverty with solar power as a renewable energy solution in the Indian energy landscape

Abstract Purpose This research seeks to delve into the potential of solar power as a sustainable and renewable energy solution, specifically examining its effectiveness in addressing energy poverty within the complex framework of the Indian energy landscape. Methods Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research conducts an extensive literature review to establish the current knowledge landscape, identifying gaps and contextualizing the global and Indian scenarios. Quantitative analysis utilizes statistical data from sources such as the International Energy Agency, governmental reports, and research organizations to track the historical evolution of India’s energy supply and solar power capacity. Case studies from China, India, and Bangladesh are presented to draw insights from successful solar projects. Additionally, policy analysis evaluates the effectiveness of current and past energy policies in India in promoting solar adoption and mitigating energy poverty. Results The study unveils trends, and the impact of policy interventions in India’s energy landscape. Comparative analyses position India within the global solar PV market. Case studies illustrate successful solar projects’ impact on alleviating energy poverty. Policy analysis provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of existing energy policies. Conclusion Solar power emerges as a promising solution to end energy poverty, demonstrating significant cost competitiveness and sustainable attributes. The research underscores the need for targeted policies, financial incentives, and technological innovations to overcome challenges. The findings contribute to the discourse on renewable energy’s role in sustainable development, emphasizing the potential for solar power to address energy poverty in India and beyond.