Higher-Plant Aquatic and Coastal Vegetation of the Northern Caspian: Volga Foredelta, Kalmyk and Kazakh Coasts

The formation of vegetation of higher plant aquatic and coastal communities in the Volga foredelta and Northern Caspian in fresh and brackish waters during period of Caspian level rising is analyzed. The associations of aquatic higher vegetation in the Volga foredelta and adjacent areas of Northern Caspian, with domination of species from Gramineae, Potamogetonaceae, Cladophoraceae and other families are found and described. This material gives the basis for long-term monitoring of succession changes of vegetative communities and biocoenoses, connected with possible fluctuations of Caspian sea level in the future.