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Long-term exposure to the fluoride blocks the development of chondrocytes in the ducks: The molecular mechanism of fluoride regulating autophagy and apoptosis

Authors :
Yajing Wang
Aoyun Li
Khalid Mehmood
Riaz Hussain
Rao Zahid Abbas
M. Tariq Javed
Yung-Fu Chang
Lianmei Hu
Jiaqiang Pan
Ying Li
Lijun Shi
Zhaoxin Tang
Hui Zhang
Source :
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 217, Iss , Pp 112225- (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
Elsevier, 2021.

Abstract

Long-term exposure to excessive fluoride causes chronic damage in the body tissues and could lead to skeletal and dental fluorosis. Cartilage damage caused by excessive fluoride intake has gained wide attention, but how fluoride accumulation blocks the development of chondrocytes is still unclear. Here, we report a negative correlation between the length and growth plate width after NaF treatments via apoptosis and autophagy, with shrinkage of cells, nuclear retraction, dissolution of chondrocytes. Whereas, fluoride exposure had no significant effect on the number and distribution of the osteoclasts which were well aligned. More importantly, fluoride exposure induced apoptosis of tibial bone through CytC/Bcl-2/P53 pathways via targeting Caspase3, Caspase9, Bak1, and Bax expressions. Meanwhile, the Beclin1, mTOR, Pakin, Pink, and p62 were elevated in NaF treatment group, which indicated that long-term excessive fluoride triggered the autophagy in the tibial bone and produced the chondrocyte injury. Altogether, fluoride exposure induced the chondrocyte injury by regulating the autophagy and apoptosis in the tibial bone of ducks, which demonstrates that fluoride exposure is a risk factor for cartilage development. These findings revealed the essential role of CytC/Bcl-2/P53 pathways in long-term exposure to fluoride pollution and block the development of chondrocytes in ducks, and CytC/Bcl-2/P53 can be targeted to prevent fluoride induced chondrocyte injury.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
01476513
Volume :
217
Issue :
112225-
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.220ed954cc7b4b61869c95768d12f6a3
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112225