Sensitivity Assessment of Geological Hazards in Liaoning Province Based on Multisource Data

As a kind of natural disasters, geological hazards pose serious threats to the ecological security and socio-economic development of human society. Evaluating the sensitivity of regional geological hazards is essential for making disaster-preventing/mitigating strategies and land use plans. Based on multisource remote sensing data, this study evaluates the geological hazard sensitivity in Liaoning Province by using the method of spatial principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation finding that such sensitivity is generally moderate, with an average value of 5.25, and is mainly concentrated in three levels: Mild sensitivity, moderate sensitivity and insensitivity, accounting for more than 67% of the total area. Liaodong Mountain Area and Liaoxi Hilly Area are found with the highest sensitivity of geological hazards, showcasing obvious spatial differences and aggregations, mainly because these areas have large terrain fluctuations, poor stability of rock and soil bodies, and strong erosion by precipitation. The main factors affecting the sensitivity of geological hazards include land use mode, elevation, slope, and lithology. Among them, the land use mode has the highest contribution rate to the first principal component, reaching 0.86. This study provides a theoretical reference for the prevention and control over geological hazards and the protection of ecological security in Liaoning Province.