Evaluation of Both Aortic Diameters (Annulus, Sinus of Valsalva, Ascending Aorta) and Z-Scores in Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Aortic Valve Prolapse, and Mitral Valve Prolapse

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate echocardiographically (and determine pathology if there is any) the diameters and Z-scores of aortic annulus, sinus of valsalva and ascending aorta in patients with bicuspid aortic valve, aortic and mitral valve prolapse and healthy children. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study includes three hundred and fifty patients with bicuspid aortic valve, aortic and mitral valve prolapse and healthy children. One hundred and ninety of them (54.3%) are non-syndromic, non-operated, hemodynamically stable patients. One hundred and sixty (45.7%) are heathy control group. Three hundred and fifty of 0-18 (average 10.47) years old patients are boys (58.6%) and 150 are girls (42.9%). Aortic annulus, sinus of valsalva and ascending aorta were measured on the parasternal long axis view. The indexed values were obtained by dividing all measured parameters by body surface area. The Z-scores and percentile values are calculated for each group. Results: Average indexed aortic annulus value is 1.59 cm/m2; sinus of Valsalva value is 2.27 cm/m2 and ascending aortic value is 2.07 cm/m2 in our study. Average aortic annulus Z-score is 0.4; sinus of valsalva Z-score is 0.08 and ascending aorta Z-score is 0.15. Conclusion: In the present study, children aged between 0.33-17.8 years, mean aortic diameters were determined in three levels. According to the nomogram we used in our study, our dilation rate was 33.6% in the patient group, 21.4% in the entire patient group, and 6.9% in the control group.