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Dynamic Profiling and Prediction of Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Booster-Inactivated Vaccines by Microsample-Driven Biosensor and Machine Learning

Authors :
Sumin Bian
Min Shang
Ying Tao
Pengbo Wang
Yankun Xu
Yao Wang
Zhida Shen
Mahamad Sawan
Source :
Vaccines, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 352 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Knowledge of the antibody response to the third dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is crucial because it is the subject of one of the largest global vaccination programs. This study integrated microsampling with optical biosensors to profile neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in fifteen vaccinated healthy donors, followed by the application of machine learning to predict antibody response at given timepoints. Over a nine-month duration, microsampling and venipuncture were conducted at seven individual timepoints. A refined iteration of a fiber optic biolayer interferometry (FO-BLI) biosensor was designed, enabling rapid multiplexed biosensing of the NAbs of both wild-type and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants in minutes. Findings revealed a strong correlation (Pearson r of 0.919, specificity of 100%) between wild-type variant NAb levels in microsamples and sera. Following the third dose, sera NAb levels of the wild-type variant increased 2.9-fold after seven days and 3.3-fold within a month, subsequently waning and becoming undetectable after three months. Considerable but incomplete evasion of the latest Omicron subvariants from booster vaccine-elicited NAbs was confirmed, although a higher number of binding antibodies (BAbs) was identified by another rapid FO-BLI biosensor in minutes. Significantly, FO-BLI highly correlated with a pseudovirus neutralization assay in identifying neutralizing capacities (Pearson r of 0.983). Additionally, machine learning demonstrated exceptional accuracy in predicting antibody levels, with an error level of

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
12
Issue :
4
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Vaccines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.29558214f4b941ad9929b2d85e73498d
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12040352