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Lactational exposure to Deoxynivalenol causes mammary gland injury via inducing inflammatory response and impairing blood-milk barrier integrity in mice

Authors :
Peihao Sun
Xinzhe Zhao
Mingxiao Liu
Hanxiao Wu
Ce Lv
Shuo Zhou
Zhiming Ding
Lijun Huo
Liguo Yang
Aixin Liang
Source :
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 255, Iss , Pp 114773- (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
Elsevier, 2023.

Abstract

Lactation is a unique physiological process to produce and secrete milk. Deoxynivalenol (DON) exposure during lactation has been demonstrated to affect adversely the growth development of offspring. However, the effects and potential mechanism of DON on maternal mammary glands remain largely unknown. In this study, we found the length and area of mammary glands were significantly reduced after DON exposure on lactation day (LD) 7 and LD 21. RNA-seq analysis results showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in acute inflammatory response and HIF-1 signaling pathway, which led to an increase of myeloperoxidase activity and inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, lactational DON exposure increased blood-milk barrier permeability by reducing the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin, promoted cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and PCNA. Additionally, lactational DON exposure significantly decreased serum concentration of prolactin, estrogen, and progesterone. All these alterations eventually resulted in a decrease of β-casein expression on LD 7 and LD 21. In summary, our findings indicated that lactational exposure to DON caused lactation-related hormone disorder and mammary gland injury induced by inflammatory response and blood-milk barrier integrity impairment, ultimately resulting in lower production of β-casein.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
01476513
Volume :
255
Issue :
114773-
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.29a0ec5238eb46909804c63eabeaafed
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114773