Epidemiological differences, clinical aspects, and short-term prognosis of patients with healthcare-associated and community-acquired infective endocarditis

Summary: Background: The prevalence of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis in Brazil is poorly known. Aim: To analyze the epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics, and the prognosis of healthcare-associated infective endocarditis (HAIE) compared with community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) and identify the associated factors with hospital mortality. Method: A historical cohort study was carried out, with a data collection period from January 2009 to December 2019 at the Federal University of São Paulo. Data were collected from medical records of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalized during the study period. Patients were classified into three groups: CIE, non-nosocomial HAIE (NN-HAIE) and nosocomial HAIE (NHAIE). Results: A total of 204 patients with IE were included; of these, 127 (62.3%) were cases of HAIE, of which 83 (40.7%) were NN-HAIE and 44 (21.6%) were NHAIE. Staphylococcus spp. Were the main causative agents, especially in HAIE groups (P