A network-based trans-omics approach for predicting synergistic drug combinations

Abstract Background Combination therapy can offer greater efficacy on medical treatments. However, the discovery of synergistic drug combinations is challenging. We propose a novel computational method, SyndrumNET, to predict synergistic drug combinations by network propagation with trans-omics analyses. Methods The prediction is based on the topological relationship, network-based proximity, and transcriptional correlation between diseases and drugs. SyndrumNET was applied to analyzing six diseases including asthma, diabetes, hypertension, colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Results Here we show that SyndrumNET outperforms the previous methods in terms of high accuracy. We perform in vitro cell survival assays to validate our prediction for CML. Of the top 17 predicted drug pairs, 14 drug pairs successfully exhibits synergistic anticancer effects. Our mode-of-action analysis also reveals that the drug synergy of the top predicted combination of capsaicin and mitoxantrone is due to the complementary regulation of 12 pathways, including the Rap1 signaling pathway. Conclusions The proposed method is expected to be useful for discovering synergistic drug combinations for various complex diseases.