Cognitive Interview in the Search for Validity Evidence Based on Response Processes

Abstract Cognitive interviews can provide validity evidence for instruments based on item response processes; however, use of focus groups still prevails in Brazilian literature. Moreover, semantic analysis has only been considered when searching for validity evidence based on test content. This paper presents a proposal for qualitative data analysis based on cognitive interviewing, thus providing researchers with a protocol that enables best practices in carrying out this technique, and consolidating it in the Brazilian literature as an option to search for validity evidence based on item response processes. To conclude, we present some criticisms regarding current procedures for validity evidence based on test content and discuss some possibilities.