Municipal solid waste dumping and its impact on soil quality in Karachi

In this study, the surface soil samples (n=12) were randomly collected from both the waste dump and the non dumpsites (control). The characterization of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) at dumpsites indicated a significant higher proportion of biodegradable waste (71%). Hence, the analysis of soil samples showed a high pH, TDS, EC, volatile solids and organic carbon in comparison to control sites. Similarly, the increased concentration of heavy metals was observed. Overall, the mean metal concentrations at dumpsites soil were in the following descending order: Zn>Cr>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cd. Except for lead, the analyzed metals concentration was found below the permissible limits. However, on comparison with control sites, the trend indicated the likely increase in pollutant concentration. The study therefore concluded that MSW dumping has not only altered the soil color and texture, but also has changed the physico-chemical constituents. These findings might help in proper management of municipal solid waste in Karachi.