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Ectopic Tumor VCAM-1 Expression in Cancer Metastasis and Therapy Resistance
- Source :
- Cells, Vol 11, Iss 23, p 3922 (2022)
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1; CD106) is a membrane protein that contributes critical physiologic functional roles in cellular immune response, including leukocyte extravasation in inflamed and infected tissues. Expressed as a cell membrane protein, VCAM-1 can also be cleaved from the cell surface into a soluble form (sVCAM-1). The integrin α4β1 (VLA-4) was identified as the first major ligand for VCAM-1. Ongoing studies suggest that, in addition to mediating physiologic immune functions, VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling plays an increasingly vital role in the metastatic progression of various tumors. Additionally, elevated concentrations of sVCAM-1 have been found in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer, suggesting the tumor microenvironment (TME) as the source of sVCAM-1. Furthermore, over-expression of VLA-4 was linked to tumor progression in various malignancies when VCAM-1 was also up-regulated. This review explores the functional role of VCAM-1 expression in cancer metastasis and therapy resistance, and the potential for the disruption of VCAM-1/VLA-4 signaling as a novel immunotherapeutic approach in cancer, including osteosarcoma, which disproportionately affects the pediatric, adolescent and young adult population, as an unmet medical need.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20734409
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 23
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Cells
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.30359c19a643f3aa80c1dcbee4db56
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11233922