Progress in functional mechanisms and biomarkers of miRNA related to Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile exanthema pediatric disease with systemic vasculitis as the main lesion, which is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children. The etiology of the disease is not clear, and the pathogenesis remains to be explored. Some cases of Kawasaki disease are prone to misdiagnosis due to atypical clinical presentations, and patients who have not been effectively treated are at increased risk of coronary artery lesion. Therefore, timely diagnosis of Kawasaki disease and prediction of coronary artery lesion have great significance for early treatment and prognosis of Kawasaki disease. MiRNA plays an important role in various life processes of organisms, and dysregulation of miRNA is involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Current studies have shown that miRNA can assist in the diagnosis, prognosis assessment and large-scale population screening of diseases, and has potential clinical application prospects as a novel biomarker. Recent studies have found that miRNA is associated with the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease, and expression dysregulation will lead to immune imbalance and vascular damage in patients with Kawasaki disease. Other studies have shown that circulating miRNA can be used as a potential biomarker of Kawasaki disease, mainly focusing on early diagnosis and efficacy prediction of Kawasaki disease. The current research is still at the exploratory stage, and more clinical studies are needed to verify the early diagnosis and prediction efficacy of miRNA related to Kawasaki disease. This article reviews the functional mechanism and biomarkers of miRNA in Kawasaki disease in recent years.