Study on the microscopic percolation mechanism of different aqueous media huff‐n‐puff with cores in Fengxi tight oil reservoirs of Qinghai Oilfield

Abstract Huff‐n‐puff (HnF) is a crucial technology for effectively enhancing the oil recovery (EOR) of tight oil reservoirs. Soaking period is the primary platform for injection medium interacting with formation fluid and reservoir rock in HnF. Elucidating the micro‐percolation mechanism of the soaking period is immensely significant for guiding oilfield production practices. The present study established a physical simulation method combining HnF experiments with nuclear magnetic resonance to reveal the microscopic percolation mechanisms, including water, fracturing fluid, and surfactant. Furthermore, the impacts of soaking time, HnF cycles, wettability, and pore structure on oil recovery degree were quantified. The results demonstrate the crucial significance of wettability and pore structure in the soaking period. The dominant mechanism during water HnF in reservoirs characterized by well‐connected pore networks and minimal clay pores is micropore imbibition, while conversely, macropore displacement plays a predominant role. The oil recovery degree of fracturing fluid HnF primarily relies on mitigating solid‐fluid forces within macropores. The surfactant HnF in preferential water‐ and oil‐wet reservoirs is primarily governed by oil films stripped from macropore walls and micropore imbibition, respectively. Specifically, water and fracturing fluid HnF are suitable for shorter soaking time and fewer HnF cycles, whereas the surfactant HnF exhibits an inverse relationship.