Back to Search Start Over

Liquid biopsies to occult brain metastasis

Authors :
Asad Ur Rehman
Parvez Khan
Shailendra Kumar Maurya
Jawed A. Siddiqui
Juan A. Santamaria-Barria
Surinder K. Batra
Mohd Wasim Nasser
Source :
Molecular Cancer, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
BMC, 2022.

Abstract

Abstract Brain metastasis (BrM) is a major problem associated with cancer-related mortality, and currently, no specific biomarkers are available in clinical settings for early detection. Liquid biopsy is widely accepted as a non-invasive method for diagnosing cancer and other diseases. We have reviewed the evidence that shows how the molecular alterations are involved in BrM, majorly from breast cancer (BC), lung cancer (LC), and melanoma, with an inception in how they can be employed for biomarker development. We discussed genetic and epigenetic changes that influence cancer cells to breach the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and help to establish metastatic lesions in the uniquely distinct brain microenvironment. Keeping abreast with the recent breakthroughs in the context of various biomolecules detections and identifications, the circulating tumor cells (CTC), cell-free nucleotides, non-coding RNAs, secretory proteins, and metabolites can be pursued in human body fluids such as blood, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine to obtain potential candidates for biomarker development. The liquid biopsy-based biomarkers can overlay with current imaging techniques to amplify the signal viable for improving the early detection and treatments of occult BrM.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
14764598
Volume :
21
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Molecular Cancer
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.342a78c37b14c9fac985a0241c7c12e
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-022-01577-x