Early minimally invasive image-guided eNdoscopic evacuation of iNTracerebral hemorrhage: a phase II pilot trial

BackgroundWhether minimally invasive endoscopic surgery (ES) improves survival and functional outcome in people with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH) is unknown.MethodsThis is a single-center pilot study performed between July 2021 to January 2023. Any supratentorial hematoma with a volume between 20 mL and 100 mL was endoscopically evacuated within 24 h after bleeding onset. Participants were followed-up for 6 months, assessing clinical and radiological outcomes. The primary feasibility outcome was satisfactory hematoma removal (