Lower urinary tract dysfunction in uncommon neurological diseases, Part II: A report of the Neuro-urology Promotion Committee of the International Continence Society

This is the second manuscript from the Neuro-urology Promotion Committee of the International Continence Society (ICS) discussing uncommon neuro-urological conditions that are not well described in urological literature. Readers are referred to the first document for a more detailed understanding of how neurological disease might affect lower urinary tract function ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cont.2022.100022).Eleven conditions are covered. This includes five genetic conditions — Duchene muscular dystrophy, mitochondrial encephalopathy, Down’s syndrome, adrenoleukodystrophy and Ochoa’s syndrome. Three infection-associated conditions are covered including central nervous system tuberculosis, schistosomal myeloradiculopathy and post-polio syndrome. Three other conditions covered are myasthenia gravis, syringomyelia and the vegetative state. Key aspects and specific recommendations related to clinical practice are summarized in tables.Knowledge of unusual neurological conditions that can affect the lower urinary tract is important for ensuring a timely and precise diagnosis. This document from the ICS, along with Part I published earlier, can serve as a reference for clinicians presented with unusual forms of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.