Analysis of Landscape Patterns and Spatio-temporal Evolution of Habitat Quality in the PU River Basin Based on the InVEST Model

[Objective] Through the spatio-temporal dynamic analysis of landscape ecological pattern and habitat quality, the response of habitat quality before and after the implementation of soil and water conservation measures in PU River Basin of Shenyang City was deeply studied, aiming to provide scientific basis for soil and water conservation strategies in small river basins, so as to promote the coordinated growth of the eco-economy and the sustainable and healthy development of regional ecology. [Methods] Based on the land use data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of PU River Basin in 2000, 2010 and 2020, combined with the FRAGSTATS and InVEST models, land use transfer matrix, landscape pattern index, habitat quality and habitat degradation degree were used to analyze land use change and explore quality response situation. [Results] (1) During the period from 2000 to 2010, the cultivated land development activities in the PU River Basin were frequent, resulting in a significant decline in the proportion of forest, grassland and other land types; In the period from 2010 to 2020, the construction of the PU River ecological corridor will promote the change of land use, and the cultivated land area will flow to artificial surfaces, forests and grasslands. (2) During 2000 to 2020, the overall landscape pattern of the PU River Basin experienced a process of first becoming complete and then fragmentary. The landscape on both sides of the Puhe River formed a dense pattern of multiple elements, and the habitat in the northern edge of the urban center continued to fragment. (3) From the overall analysis of the basin, the average habitat quality in 2000, 2010, and 2020 was 0.349, 0.329, and 0.354, respectively, showing a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The mean values of habitat degradation were 0.098, 0.112, and 0.086, which were consistent with the trend in habitat quality. With the construction of the PU River Ecological Corridor, the quality of habitat will be improved significantly in 2020, and the threats to the ecosystem will be reduced. From the analysis of spatial pattern, the northeast and southwest show obvious spatial distribution characteristics. The quality of habitat in the mountainous areas of northeast China and the wetlands of southwest China is generally good, but there is a threat of habitat degradation. [Conclusion] Under the influence of soil and water conservation measures, the ecological pattern of the PU River Basin can be and the degradation of habitat can be effectively inhibited.