Genetic characterization of the Colombian Creole Horse population via STR markers used in filiation tests and equine certification

Genetic parentage tests have great relevance in breed registration processes in equine specimens. In addition, these tests are used to verify progeny genetic accuracy, using microsatellite molecular markers (STR) as a method for individual identification and kinship between individuals. Specifically, we evaluated a Colombian Creole breed equine population, using blood, saliva, and hair samples as sources of DNA. The samples were extracted using Chelex chelating resins. DNA quantification was performed by NanoDrop and amplified by PCR using the 17 STRs included in the Equine Genotypes panel 1.1 kit. Subsequently, electrophoresis was performed and stained with SYBR safe, and genotypes were determined using capillary electrophoresis. Additionally, the allelic and genotypic frequencies were calculated using the GENEPOP software and the previously obtained genetic profiles. Also, the HWE, heterozygosity per locus, inbreeding, and gametic imbalance were estimated. As a result, some genetic markers such as ASB23, ASB17, and LEX3 were not suitable for executing the tests since they biased the population parameters. However, we recommend expanding the equine population and using more STRs to obtain better results in these genetic tests in future population studies.