Characteristics Mode Analysis-Inspired Compact UWB Antenna with WLAN and X-Band Notch Features for Wireless Applications

A compact circular structured monopole antenna for ultrawideband (UWB) and UWB dual-band notch applications is designed and fabricated on an FR4 substrate. The UWB antenna has a hybrid configuration of the circle and three ellipses as the radiating plane and less than a quarter-lowered ground plane. The overall dimensions of the projected antennas are 16 × 11 × 1.6 mm3, having a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 113% (3.7–13.3 GHz). Further, two frequency band notches were created using two inverted U-shaped slots on the radiator. These slots notch the frequency band from 5–5.6 GHz and 7.3–8.3 GHz, covering IEEE 802.11, Wi-Fi, WLAN, and the entire X-band satellite communication. A comprehensive frequency and time domain analysis is performed to validate the projected antenna design’s effectiveness. In addition, a circuit model of the projected antenna design is built, and its performance is evaluated. Furthermore, unlike the traditional technique, which uses the simulated surface current distribution to verify functioning, characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is used to provide deeper insight into distinct modes on the antenna.