Weight gain during pregnancy and its associated factors: A Path analysis

Abstract Aim Weight gain during pregnancy is an important indicator in the prediction of morbidity and mortality in infants and mothers. This study aimed to determine the association factors for weight gain during pregnancy. Design A longitudinal study. Methods A total of 734 women were selected using multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using demographic and midwifery questionnaires, economic and social status, psychological factors, domestic violence, perceived social support and food insecurity. Results Of participants 28.7%, 49.6% and 21.7%, respectively, received insufficient, adequate and excessive weight gain in pregnancy respectively. Among health determinants entered in the model, mother's age, prepartum body mass index and direct and indirect prenatal care, size of households, food insecurity, stress, anxiety, stress and pregnancy‐specific stress as well as violence had a positive and increasing effect on weight gain during pregnancy. Conclusion Considering the effect of inappropriate weight gain during pregnancy on undesirable pregnancy outcomes, related factors such as nutritional status, stress and depression in prenatal care should be assessed. Healthcare providers should consult, educate pregnant women.