Back to Search Start Over

Effect of Fe, Ni, and Co on the hydrothermal liquefaction of Chinese herb residue for bio-oil production

Authors :
Liu Liangbei
Guan Haibin
Chen Bingtong
Zhao Baofeng
Zhong Cunqing
Zhang Heming
Zhu Di
Bao Qinghe
Wulan Bari
Feng Xiangyu
Source :
Science and Technology for Energy Transition, Vol 79, p 24 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
EDP Sciences, 2024.

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of reaction temperature (300–360 °C), reaction time (0–60 min), and the ratio of raw materials to solvent (1:5–1:15; g/mL) on the HydroThermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Chinese Herb Residues (CHR) for Bio-Oil (BO) production. Optimal HTL conditions for CHR were determined. To enhance both the yield and quality of BO, metal-modified catalysts including Fe/MCM-41, Co/MCM-41, and Ni/MCM-41 were prepared. These catalysts, after hydrogen reduction, loaded metal elements in their elemental state onto the carrier. Subsequently, CHR catalytic HTL experiments were conducted at 330 °C for 15 min with a ratio of 1:10 (g/mL). BO analysis was performed using EA, GC-MS, and FT-IR. Under the optimal HTL conditions (330 °C/15 min/1:10), the BO yield reached 24.57 wt.%, with a Higher Heating Value (HHV) of 25.96 MJ/kg. The major components of the BO included phenols, ketones, acids, and esters. In the catalytic HTL, Fe/MCM-41 (26.15 wt.%), Ni/MCM-41 (26.2 wt.%), and Co/MCM-41 (27.05 wt.%) catalysts each achieved higher BO yields. When using Ni/MCM-41 catalyst, the highest HHV of BO reached 32.01 MJ/kg, representing an 81% improvement over CHR HHV of 17.66 MJ/kg. Additionally, with Fe/MCM-41 catalyst, the lowest oxygen content in BO was 9.68%, and the selectivity for phenols and ketones was the highest, showing increases of 15.22% and 33.15%, respectively, reaching 44.13% and 24.5%. The results indicate that HTL can effectively convert high-moisture CHR into valuable products. Hydrogen-reduced metal-modified catalysts contribute significantly to increasing BO yield, promoting deoxygenation and hydrogenation reactions, and markedly improving HHV and the selectivity of chemical components, thereby effectively enhancing both the yield and quality of BO.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
28047699
Volume :
79
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Science and Technology for Energy Transition
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.4730c490e4c6c88c66e0bc06d949d
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.2516/stet/2024018