Bucket structure optimization of backhoe hydraulic excavator based on compound digging trajectory and limit digging force

A bucket structure optimization method based on compound digging trajectory and limit digging force was proposed for the problem that the real digging resistance of excavators is difficult to measure and difficult to use as bucket load for structure optimization. The uncertainty of the digging resistance in the actual digging process of the excavator was analyzed, and a digging trajectory was obtained by active digging using the compound digging action. Based on the limit digging force model, the digging force and its variation law were calculated, and analyzed for different hydraulic cylinder’s active digging in the trajectory. Based on the bucket shape line equation, a parametric model of the bucket was established using APDL language, and the bucket stress variation under different digging actions was analyzed. The bucket stress and mass were reduced by 4.59% and 5.84% respectively after optimization.