Assessing Metabolic Risk Factors for LVSI in Endometrial Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study

Qiaoyan Lin,1 Yongwei Lu,2 Rong Lu,1 Yujuan Chen,1 Linghua Wang,3 Jianping Lu,4 Xianren Ye1,5 1Department of Blood Transfusion, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gyn-Surgical Oncology Section 9, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xianren Ye, Department of Blood Transfusion, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China, Email fjthy@sina.comObjective: This study analyzed metabolic factors associated with lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and compared the difference between type 1 and type 2 endometrial cancer (EC).Methods: Four hundred patients primarily diagnosed with EC who underwent hysterectomy with pathological results at Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were included. Demographic variable data were collected as well as pathological results. Laboratory evaluations included fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B). Characterization of binary logistic regression models was used to test the odds ratios (ORs) between LVSI and its metabolic parameters with different subtypes of EC.Results: The results indicated that CA125, ROMA, Ki67 score, FBG and TC were higher in EC patients with LVSI (all p< 0.05). Negative ER and PR expression was positively associated with LVSI (P< 0.05). CA125, ROMA, FBG, TC and ER were found to be independent risk factors for LVSI. CA125, ROMA and FBG were significantly elevated in type 1 EC patients with LVSI compared with those without LVSI (all p< 0.05). TC and Ki67 scores were much higher in type 2 EC patients with vs without LVSI (all p< 0.05). Negative PR expression was positively related to both type 1 and type 2 EC patients with LVSI. Consequently, CA125, ROMA, FBG and Apo B were found to be independent risk factors for LVSI in type 1 EC, and TC was found to be an independent risk factor for LVSI in type 2 EC.Conclusion: FBG and TC were both independent risk factors for LVSI in EC. FBG and Apo B were independent risk factors for LVSI in type 1 EC. TC was an independent risk factor for LVSI in type 2 EC.Keywords: endometrial cancer, metabolic risk factor, glucolipid metabolism, metastasis