Factors affecting organizational citizenship behavior of budget hotel employees in Indonesia: Examining the mediating role of work engagement and affective commitment

Organizational citizenship behavior pertains to the voluntary actions undertaken by individuals inside an organization to enhance its overall efficacy, especially in the absence of express acknowledgment from the formal incentive system. This study aims to investigate the role of work engagement and affective commitment in mediating the effect of perceived organizational support on organizational citizenship behavior. This quantitative design uses survey methodologies by sending questionnaires to frontline staff in budget hotels in Medan, Indonesia. The sample includes 225 frontline employees with at least a year of experience working in budget hotels in Medan, Indonesia. Data were collected through a Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using SEM-PLS processed with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings suggest a significant relationship between perceived organizational support, work engagement, affective commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05). In addition, the influence of perceived organizational support on work engagement and affective commitment is noteworthy (p < 0.05). Organizational citizenship behavior is affected by perceived organizational support through work engagement (p < 0.05) and affective commitment (p < 0.05). The results have significant ramifications for organizations. Organizations should establish frameworks that foster employee engagement and dedication. In addition, organizations should actively promote and incentivize employees to dedicate their time, exertion, and innovative thoughts for the betterment of their colleagues and the organization.