PRP as a modulator of inflammation in FLS of RA patients by regulation of galectins and TGF-β1

Introduction: An autoimmune and inflammatory condition known as rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by joint inflammation and an aggressive fibroblast-like synoviocytes. (FLS) One of the most significant immunological regulators are the galectins. Platelet-rich plasma are probably effective in immunomodulation. The aim of the present work is to investigate the role of platelet rich plasma (PRP) as a modulation of inflammation, which affects the expression of galectins and TGF-β in FLS from Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methods: Human FLS cells from RA patients' synovial fluid were cultured in DMEM-F12 medium, characterized by flowcytometry, treated with PRP alone, TNF-α+PRP, SF + PRP, TNF-α alone, and untreated control groups. Expression of Galectin-1, Galectin-3, Galectin-9, and TGF-β1 genes was assessed by Real-Time PCR. Results: In SF + PRP, TNF + PRP, and PRP groups, the gene expression of Galectin-3 was considerably reduced (P > 0.05). Galectin-1 and TGF-β1 expression levels were also lowered (P > 0.05) in the TNF + PRP groups. Galectin-9 expression increased significantly in the PRP group (P > 0.05). Galectin-3 expression was markedly and extensively reduced in multiple study groups after treatment of FLS cells with 10 % PRP. Galectin-3 expression was considerably reduced when FLS were exposed to TNF- and synovial fluid in conjunction with PRP to simulate localized body inflammation. Conclusion: Our results showed that PRP may be useful in lowering FLS-induced inflammation in RA patients' joints, particularly when Galectin-3 is involved. In the future, inflammatory illnesses like RA may be treated locally using PRP or its derivatives, which will have a larger immune modulation role and more likely pathways.