Bilateral complete ureter duplication presenting with hydronephrosis and spontaneous stone passage in a 25-year-old male: A rare case report

Ureteric duplication is a rare anomaly in the urinary tract, with an incidence of 0.5% to 3%. Bilateral double ureters are even rarer, occurring in 1 of 500 individuals. A 25-year-old man presented with right flank pain and nausea. Physical examination revealed tenderness at the right renal angle. Urinalysis demonstrated microscopic hematuria, and Ultrasound showed enlargement in the lower pole of the right kidney, while the upper pole appeared normal. Intravenous pyelography confirmed bilateral complete ureter duplication. However, after a week of observation, a 5 mm calcium oxalate stone was passed, and this event demonstrated the underlying cause of hydronephrosis in the lower pole of the right kidney. Bilateral complete ureter duplication is a rare anomaly in the urinary tract. To our knowledge, the presence of bilateral complete ureter duplication with a single stone in the right limb of the right double ureter is a unique case that has not been reported in the existing literature.