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MSC-derived exosomes protect auditory hair cells from neomycin-induced damage via autophagy regulation

Authors :
Huan Liu
Huijuan Kuang
Yiru Wang
Lili Bao
Wanxin Cao
Lu Yu
Meihao Qi
Renfeng Wang
Xiaoshan Yang
Qingyuan Ye
Feng Ding
Lili Ren
Siying Liu
Furong Ma
Shiyu Liu
Source :
Biological Research, Vol 57, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
BMC, 2024.

Abstract

Abstract Background Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) poses a major threat to both physical and mental health; however, there is still a lack of effective drugs to treat the disease. Recently, novel biological therapies, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their products, namely, exosomes, are showing promising therapeutic potential due to their low immunogenicity, few ethical concerns, and easy accessibility. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomes remain unclear. Results Exosomes derived from MSCs reduced hearing and hair cell loss caused by neomycin-induced damage in models in vivo and in vitro. In addition, MSC-derived exosomes modulated autophagy in hair cells to exert a protective effect. Mechanistically, exogenously administered exosomes were internalized by hair cells and subsequently upregulated endocytic gene expression and endosome formation, ultimately leading to autophagy activation. This increased autophagic activity promoted cell survival, decreased the mitochondrial oxidative stress level and the apoptosis rate in hair cells, and ameliorated neomycin-induced ototoxicity. Conclusions In summary, our findings reveal the otoprotective capacity of exogenous exosome-mediated autophagy activation in hair cells in an endocytosis-dependent manner, suggesting possibilities for deafness treatment.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
07176287
Volume :
57
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Biological Research
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.53162181e9643b097d340b1d091cdb0
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00475-w