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Sustainable Fish Meal-Free Diets for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata): Integrated Biomarker Response to Assess the Effects on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism, Antioxidant Defense and Immunological Status

Authors :
Ana M. Fernandes
Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner
Gabriella V. Pereira
Ana Teresa Gonçalves
Jorge Dias
Johan Johansen
Tomé Silva
Fernando Naya-Català
Carla Piazzon
Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla
Benjamin Costas
Luís E. C. Conceição
Jorge M. O. Fernandes
Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
Source :
Animals, Vol 14, Iss 15, p 2166 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

The growth of the aquaculture industry requires more sustainable and circular economy-driven aquafeed formulas. Thus, the goal of the present study was to assess in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) how different combinations of novel and conventional fish feed ingredients supported proper animal performance in terms of growth and physiological biomarkers of blood/liver/head kidney. A 77-day feeding trial was conducted with three experimental diets (PAP, with terrestrial processed animal protein from animal by-products; NOPAP, without processed animal protein from terrestrial animal by-products; MIX, a combination of alternative ingredients of PAP and NOPAP diets) and a commercial-type formulation (CTRL), and their effects on growth performance and markers of endocrine growth regulation, lipid metabolism, antioxidant defense and inflammatory condition were assessed at circulatory and tissue level (liver, head kidney). Growth performance was similar among all dietary treatments. However, fish fed the PAP diet displayed a lower feed conversion and protein efficiency, with intermediate values in MIX-fed fish. Such gradual variation in growth performance was supported by different biomarker signatures that delineated a lower risk of oxidation and inflammatory condition in NOPAP fish, in concurrence with an enhanced hepatic lipogenesis that did not represent a risk of lipoid liver degeneration.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20762615
Volume :
14
Issue :
15
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Animals
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.54f623e794ba4008a10a6ea97102e6b0
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14152166