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Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Following Transplantation: A Pre-Clinical Perspective

Authors :
Tanvir Hasan
Ajay Ratan Pasala
Dhuha Hassan
Justine Hanotaux
David S. Allan
Harinad B. Maganti
Source :
Current Oncology, Vol 31, Iss 2, Pp 603-616 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Hematopoietic stem-cell (HSC) transplantation (HSCT) is used to treat various hematologic disorders. Use of genetically modified mouse models of hematopoietic cell transplantation has been critical in our fundamental understanding of HSC biology and in developing approaches for human patients. Pre-clinical studies in animal models provide insight into the journey of transplanted HSCs from infusion to engraftment in bone-marrow (BM) niches. Various signaling molecules and growth factors secreted by HSCs and the niche microenvironment play critical roles in homing and engraftment of the transplanted cells. The sustained equilibrium of these chemical and biologic factors ensures that engrafted HSCs generate healthy and durable hematopoiesis. Transplanted healthy HSCs compete with residual host cells to repopulate stem-cell niches in the marrow. Stem-cell niches, in particular, can be altered by the effects of previous treatments, aging, and the paracrine effects of leukemic cells, which create inhospitable bone-marrow niches that are unfavorable for healthy hematopoiesis. More work to understand how stem-cell niches can be restored to favor normal hematopoiesis may be key to reducing leukemic relapses following transplant.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
17187729 and 11980052
Volume :
31
Issue :
2
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Current Oncology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.558f84efed484065a235fd97f98b2a08
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31020044