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Biomonitoring Study of Toxic Metal(loid)s: Levels in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients

Authors :
Nataša Milošević
Maja Milanović
Danica Sazdanić Velikić
Jan Sudji
Jelena Jovičić-Bata
Milorad Španović
Mirjana Ševo
Mirka Lukić Šarkanović
Ljilja Torović
Sanja Bijelović
Nataša Milić
Source :
Toxics, Vol 12, Iss 7, p 490 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate heavy metal(loid)s (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, and As) in lung cancer patients in order to elucidate their role as lung cancer environmental risk factors. Sixty-three patients of both sexes with adenocarcinoma stage IIIB or IV were enrolled in this research. The heavy metal(loid) urine concentrations were measured using ICP-MS. Arsenic was quantified above 10 μg/L in 44.44% of the samples. Nickel urinary concentrations above the ToxGuide reference levels were found in 50.79% of the samples, while lead was quantified in 9.52% of the urine samples. The urinary chromium levels were above the mean ToxGuide levels in 41.27% of the patients and were significantly higher in men in comparison with women (p = 0.035). The chromium urinary concentrations were positively associated with the CRP serum levels (p = 0.037). Cadmium was quantified in 61.90% of the samples with levels significantly higher in females than in males (p = 0.023), which was associated with smoking habits. Mercury was measured above the limit of quantification in 63.49% of the samples and was not associated with amalgam dental fillings. However, the Hg urinary concentrations were correlated positively with the ALT (p = 0.02), AST (p < 0.001), and GGT (p < 0.001) serum levels. In 46.03% of the samples, the Mo concentrations were above 32 μg/L, the mean value for healthy adults according to the ToxGuide, and 9.52% of the patients had Mn levels higher than 8 μg/L, the reference value for healthy adults based on ToxGuide data. The obtained results are preliminary, and further studies are needed to have a deeper insight into metal(loid) exposure’s association with lung cancer development, progression, and survival prediction.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
23056304
Volume :
12
Issue :
7
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Toxics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.55b2c33a87454e5389c17b634414a2f4
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12070490