The impact of bisphosphonates on mortality and cardiovascular risk among osteoporosis patients after cardiovascular disease

Background/Purpose: Bisphosphonates (BPs) impact on the survival and cardiovascular safety of osteoporosis patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS) was evaluated. Methods: A nationwide epidemiological study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010. From the 1456 osteoporosis patients with previous ACS or AIS, mortality and cardiovascular safety was compared between 464 patients who used BPs and 464 patients who did not. Primary outcomes included all-cause mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events. Results: The BPs group had a lower risk of all-cause mortality than the control group after the 8-year follow-up (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46–0.88; P = 0.006). The risks of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure or other causes of mortality were similar across groups. However, there was a higher risk of hospitalization for atrial fibrillation in the BPs group than the control group (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.26–2.46; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Among osteoporosis patients after ACS or AIS, BPs use was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. However, patients with previous cardiovascular disease who received BP treatment should be careful about the risk of atrial fibrillation.