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Markers of Mitochondrial Injury and Neurological Outcomes of Comatose Patients after Cardiac Arrest

Authors :
Ina Živanović
Katarina Miš
Sergej Pirkmajer
Ivica Marić
Tomaž Goslar
Source :
Medicina, Vol 60, Iss 8, p 1286 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Most patients who are successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest remain comatose, and only half regain consciousness 72 h after the arrest. Neuroprognostication methods can be complex and even inconclusive. As mitochondrial components have been identified as markers of post-cardiac-arrest injury and associated with survival, we aimed to investigate cytochrome c and mtDNA in comatose patients after cardiac arrest to compare neurological outcomes and to evaluate the markers’ neuroprognostic value. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 86 comatose post-cardiac-arrest patients and 10 healthy controls. Cytochrome c and mtDNA were determined at admission. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was measured after 72 h. Additional neuroprognostication methods were performed when patients remained unconscious. Cerebral performance category (CPC) was determined. Results: Cytochrome c was elevated in patients compared to healthy controls (2.029 [0.85–4.97] ng/mL vs. 0 [0.0–0.16], p < 0.001) but not mtDNA (95,228 [52,566–194,060] vs. 41,466 [28,199–104,708] copies/μL, p = 0.074). Compared to patients with CPC 1–2, patients with CPC 3–5 had higher cytochrome c (1.735 [0.717–3.40] vs. 4.109 [1.149–8.457] ng/mL, p = 0.011), with no differences in mtDNA (87,855 [47,598–172,464] vs. 126,452 [69,447–260,334] copies/μL, p = 0.208). Patients with CPC 1–2 and CPC 3–5 differed in all neuroprognostication methods. In patients with good vs. poor neurological outcome, ROC AUC was 0.664 (p = 0.011) for cytochrome c, 0.582 (p = 0.208) for mtDNA, and 0.860 (p < 0.001) for NSE. The correlation between NSE and cytochrome c was moderate, with a coefficient of 0.576 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Cytochrome c was higher in comatose patients after cardiac arrest compared to healthy controls and higher in post-cardiac-arrest patients with poor neurological outcomes. Although cytochrome c correlated with NSE, its neuroprognostic value was poor. We found no differences in mtDNA.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
16489144 and 1010660X
Volume :
60
Issue :
8
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Medicina
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5bc53c415f9740058ddf103da613c876
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60081286