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Determination of the Most Efficient Household Technique for the Reduction of Pesticide Residues from Raw Fish Muscles

Authors :
Md. Ariful Islam
S. M. Nurul Amin
Christopher L. Brown
Abdul Shukor Juraimi
Md. Kamal Uddin
Aziz Arshad
Source :
Foods, Vol 11, Iss 9, p 1254 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Substantial quantities of pesticides are routinely applied to enhance agricultural crop production. Pesticides used in this way continuously accumulate in the environment and in foods. Harvested crops contain pesticide residues at various concentrations, with potential harmful impacts on human health. Hence, it is of value to identify techniques for the effective decontamination of tainted foods. However, cleaning with water or household agents, e.g., acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate, are recognized treatments for the efficient degradation of pesticides from vegetables and fruits. There is an apparent void of information about the decontamination treatments for raw fishes using household agents that are affordable for all classes of consumers. Hence, the present study was performed to determine the most efficient household technique for reducing pesticide residue levels from precooked raw fish to ensure the utmost food safety. Fish muscles of four species of fishes, viz., Clarias gariepinus, Channa striatus, Anabas testudineus and Trichogaster trichopterus, were treated with six treatments: washing with running tap water (T1), dipping in normal water (T2), dipping in 2% salt solution (T3), dipping in 2% vinegar (T4), dipping in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution (T5) as well as dipping in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution + 2% vinegar + 2% salt solution + lemon juice (T6), as fish muscle is the major consumable portion of fish. The current study demonstrated that the removal percentage of lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, endosulfan, dieldrin, endrin, DDT, methoxychlor and cypermethrin residues against the treated household treatments, in downward order, were soaking in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution + 2% vinegar + 2% salt solution + lemon juice solution (T6) > soaking in 2% vinegar (T4) solution > soaking in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate (T5) solution > soaking in 2% salt (T3) solution > washing with running tap water (T1) > soaking in stable normal water (T2). The treatment of raw fish muscle samples by soaking them in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution + 2% vinegar + 2% salt solution + lemon juice was found to be the most efficient household treatment, performing significant reductions (%) in pesticide concentration: 72–80% (p < 0.05) in Channa striata, 71–79% (p < 0.05) in Clarias gariepinus, 74–80% (p < 0.05) in Anabas testudineus as well as 78–81% (p < 0.05) in Trichogaster trichopterus before cooking.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
23048158
Volume :
11
Issue :
9
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Foods
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5e7b26f4a12c45328045a95b8de4bc89
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091254