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Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine for Preventing COVID-19-Related Hospitalizations: A Test-Negative Case–Control Study

Authors :
Amy Keane
Ashley Tippett
Elizabeth Grace Taylor
Olivia Reese
Luis Salazar
Khalel De Castro
Chris Choi
Caroline Ciric
Meg Taylor
Anna Mitchell
Theda Gibson
Laura Puzniak
Robin Hubler
Srinivas Rao Valluri
Timothy L. Wiemken
Ben A. Lopman
Satoshi Kamidani
Larry J. Anderson
John M. McLaughlin
Christina A. Rostad
Evan J. Anderson
Source :
Vaccines, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 657 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

It is important to understand real-world BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE), especially among racial and ethnic minority groups. We performed a test-negative case-control study to measure BNT162b2 COVID-19 VE in the prevention of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) hospitalizations at two Atlanta hospitals from May 2021–January 2023 and adjusted for potential confounders by multivariate analysis. Among 5139 eligible adults with ARI, 2763 (53.8%) were enrolled, and 1571 (64.5%) were included in the BNT162b2 analysis. The median age was 58 years (IQR, 44–68), 889 (56.6%) were female, 1034 (65.8%) were African American, 359 (22.9%) were White, 56 (3.6%) were Hispanic ethnicity, 645 (41.1%) were SARS-CoV-2-positive, 412 (26.2%) were vaccinated with a primary series, and 273 (17.4%) had received ≥1 booster of BNT162b2. The overall adjusted VE of the BNT162b2 primary series was 58.5% (95% CI 46.0, 68.1), while the adjusted VE of ≥1 booster was 78.9% (95% CI 70.0, 85.1). The adjusted overall VE of primary series for African American/Black individuals was 64.0% (95% CI 49.9, 74.1) and 82.7% (95% CI 71.9, 89.4) in those who received ≥1 booster. When analysis was limited to the period of Omicron predominance, overall VE of the primary series decreased with widened confidence intervals (24.5%, 95% CI −4.5, 45.4%), while VE of ≥1 booster was maintained at 60.9% (95% CI 42.0, 73.6). BNT162b2 primary series and booster vaccination provided protection against COVID-19-associated ARI hospitalization among a predominantly African American population.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
12
Issue :
6
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Vaccines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.5f310bf624604ec6ab5123263131658a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12060657