Comparative Analysis of Three Different Methods Used to Determine the Elastic Modulus for a Choice of Tropical Guianese Wood Species

This study compares variability in the longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) values, measured by three different methods, for eight tropical wood species covering a wide range of densities, a property that has been little described in the literature for some of the species studied. The modulus of elasticity in wood species is one of the main mechanical properties measured to characterize wood materials. However, this property is seldom described for the tropical wood species studied here, and the method used is often variable. The aim is to answer the following questions. In the methods used, what are the main variability factors which influence modulus measurement? Is the modulus different with regard to the solicitation direction (radial or tangential)? Which relationship exists between modulus and density for these species? The samples were subjected to the four-point bending test, then to the free vibration test and to the forced-vibration test (which allows tests on small samples).The samples were subjected to stress in radial and tangential directions. The modulus values obtained by the different methods were well correlated for most of the species. The relationship between modulus and density was very good at inter-specific level because sampling covered a wide range of densities. But this relationship was not so good for each of the species sampled. This kind of test was not appropriate for detecting differences in behavior between the two directions of solicitation for these species. The main features of the three methods were summarized, highlighting the advantages of each for the species studied.