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Nickel stress-tolerance in plant-bacterial associations

Authors :
Veronika Pishchik
Galina Mirskaya
Elena Chizhevskaya
Vladimir Chebotar
Debasis Chakrabarty
Source :
PeerJ, Vol 9, p e12230 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
PeerJ Inc., 2021.

Abstract

Nickel (Ni) is an essential element for plant growth and is a constituent of several metalloenzymes, such as urease, Ni-Fe hydrogenase, Ni-superoxide dismutase. However, in high concentrations, Ni is toxic and hazardous to plants, humans and animals. High levels of Ni inhibit plant germination, reduce chlorophyll content, and cause osmotic imbalance and oxidative stress. Sustainable plant-bacterial native associations are formed under Ni-stress, such as Ni hyperaccumulator plants and rhizobacteria showed tolerance to high levels of Ni. Both partners (plants and bacteria) are capable to reduce the Ni toxicity and developed different mechanisms and strategies which they manifest in plant-bacterial associations. In addition to physical barriers, such as plants cell walls, thick cuticles and trichomes, which reduce the elevated levels of Ni entrance, plants are mitigating the Ni toxicity using their own antioxidant defense mechanisms including enzymes and other antioxidants. Bacteria in its turn effectively protect plants from Ni stress and can be used in phytoremediation. PGPR (plant growth promotion rhizobacteria) possess various mechanisms of biological protection of plants at both whole population and single cell levels. In this review, we highlighted the current understanding of the bacterial induced protective mechanisms in plant-bacterial associations under Ni stress.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
21678359
Volume :
9
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
PeerJ
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.60ad217247d04b7c8167f8a4ec986133
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12230