C9ORF72 GGGGCC repeat-associated non-AUG translation is upregulated by stress through eIF2α phosphorylation

Hexanucleotide GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most frequent cause of both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here the authors show that (GGGGCC) n translation can initiate without a 5′-cap, and this cap-independent translation is upregulated by stress mediated through eIF2α phosphorylation.