Numerical investigation of sodium alginate-alumina/copper radiative hybrid nanofluid flow over a power law stretching/shrinking sheet with suction effect: A study of dual solutions

The investigation into the flow of sodium alginate-alumina/copper hybrid nanofluids toward a power law form stretching/shrinking sheet while taking into account the effect of suction was carried out numerically. Sodium alginate-alumina/copper hybrid nanofluids have been of great interest in recent years due to their potential applications in various fields. Hybrid nanofluid is currently being used to enhance the efficiency of heat transmission rates. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the influence that certain characteristics, such as those pertaining to magnetic M, shrinking parameter ϵ, thermal radiation R, and thermal slip factor βT parameters, have on temperature and velocity profiles. Furthermore, as part of this investigation, the local skin friction as well as the Nusselt number according to the copper solid volume fraction φCu against shrinkage ϵ and suction γ effect were explored. In order to convert the nonlinear partial differential equation into a system of ordinary differential equations, appropriate similarity variables have to be incorporated into the transformation process. Ordinary differential equations are resolved with the help of the MATLAB bvp4c solver program, which is used in the conclusion phase. The study identified two approaches to shrinking ϵ sheet and suction γ zone with varying parameter values for copper volume fractions φCu. No solution was obtained in the range of when ϵ