NFS1 as a Candidate Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer Correlated with Immune Infiltrates

You Jiang,1,2 Wenbo Li,1,2 Jun Zhang,1 Kun Liu,1 Yuee Wu,3 Zhengguang Wang1 1Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Electrocardiogram Diagnosis, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230060, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhengguang Wang, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230011, People’s Republic of China, Email wangzhengguang@ahmu.edu.cnBackground: Cysteine desulfurase (NFS1) is closely associated with the occurrence and development of human tumors, but its relationship with the prognosis and immunity of gastric cancer (GC) patients remains unclear.Methods: To study the relationship between NFS1 and GC, GC-related data of TCGA were downloaded and analyzed. At the same time, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Kaplan‒Meier Plotter were used for relevant online analysis. Clinical samples were collected for immunohistochemical testing to validate the results.Results: The mRNA and protein levels of NFS1 in GC tissues were significantly higher than those in normal tissues. In terms of the operating characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.793, indicating that NFS1 had a high diagnostic value for GC. Further analysis showed that NFS1 expression was highly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage. Survival analysis showed that patients with high expression of NFS1 had a poorer prognosis, and NFS1 was an independent risk factor. Enrichment analysis by GO, KEGG, and GSEA showed that NFS1 was enriched in immune-related pathways. The expression of NFS1 was significantly positively correlated with the proportion of macrophages M0 and plasma cells but negatively correlated with the proportion of B cells memory, monocytes, and mast cells resting. In addition, NFS1 expression was significantly correlated with TMB levels and responses to immunotherapy.Conclusion: Our results suggest that NFS1 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in GC.Keywords: NFS1, gastric cancer, prognostic biomarker, immune infiltration