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Unveiling Trypanosoma spp. diversity in cattle from the state of Rio de Janeiro: A genetic perspective

Authors :
Ana Paula M. Abreu
Huarrisson A. Santos
Patrícia G. Paulino
Talys Henrique A. Jardim
Renata V.C. Costa
Thaís A. Fernandes
Júlia S. Fonseca
Claudia B. Silva
Maristela P. Peixoto
Carlos Luiz Massard
Source :
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Vol 44 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA), 2024.

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Cattle trypanosomiasis imposes significant economic burdens on the global livestock industry. The causative agents of this disease belong to the protozoan Trypanosoma genus. This study aims to perform detection (parasitological and molecular) and genetic characterization to analyze Trypanosoma spp. in cattle from 15 municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, focusing on the 18S rDNA and Cathepsin-L (CatL) gene of Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma theileri. A total of 389 blood samples from 15 dairy cattle farms in the state of Rio de Janeiro were collected, and DNA was extracted for subsequent PCR amplification of Trypanosoma spp. 18S rDNA and CatL genes. The resulting amplicons underwent sequencing and alignment for phylogenetic analysis, with comparisons made to GenBank isolates. Concerning parasitological analysis, blood smears presented 4.4% of positive cattle (n=17/389) for T. vivax and did not show any trypomastigote forms of T. theileri. The absolute frequency of Trypanosoma spp. through molecular detection targeting 18S rDNA was 11.6% (45/389). However, when performing species-specific PCRs, the T. vivax frequency, determined through CatL gene PCR, was 12.8%, and the T. theileri frequency was 3.6%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18S rDNA revealed low diversity among T. vivax sequences, suggesting potential host segregation. This study emphasizes the high frequency of positive samples by PCR when compared to direct parasitological exams. Additionally, T. vivax phylogeny targeting 18S rDNA hints at sequence clustering related to host species. Importantly, this investigation unveils, for the first time in Rio de Janeiro’s cattle, the circulation of T. theileri lineage ThI, encompassing genotypes IIB and IF. This discovery expands our understanding of this parasite’s geographical distribution and genetic diversity.

Details

Language :
English, Portuguese
ISSN :
16785150
Volume :
44
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.64a38ae2fde645b29e7e8b876e164b68
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7467