Impact of allogeneic stem cell transplantation comorbidity indexes after haplotransplant using post‐transplant cyclophosphamide

Abstract Background Three different scoring systems have been developed to assess pre‐transplant comorbidity in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo‐HSCT): the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation‐Specific Comorbidity Index, the Comorbidity/Age index, and the Augmented Comorbidity/Age index. All were devised to predict overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) survivals and non‐relapse mortality (NRM) in patients receiving HLA‐matched Allo‐HSCT, but their performance has scarcely been studied in the haploidentical Allo‐HSCT setting with post‐transplant cyclophosphamide, a procedure in constant expansion worldwide. Methods To address this issue, their impact on survivals and NRM was examined in a cohort of 223 patients treated with haploidentical Allo‐HSCT in four different centers. Results With a median follow‐up of 35.6 months, 3‐year OS, DFS, and NRM were 48.1% ± 4%, 46.3% ± 4%, and 30.0% ± 3%, respectively. No impact was found for any of the three comorbidity scores in univariate analysis. In multivariate analyses, the only three factors associated with lower OS were DRI (p