The landslide traces inventory in the transition zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau: a case study of Jianzha County, China

The upper reaches of the Yellow River in China, influenced by erosion of the Yellow River and tectonic activities, are prone to landslides. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the existing landslide traces. Based on visual interpretation on high-resolution satellite images and terrain data, supplemented and validated by existing landslide records, this paper prepared the most complete and detailed landslide traces inventory in Jianzha County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, to date. The results indicate that within the study area of 1714 km2, there are at least 713 landslide traces, ranging in scale from 3,556 m2 to 11.13 km2, with a total area of 134.46 km2. The total landslide area excluding the overlap area is 126.30 km2. The overall landslide point density and area density in the study area are 0.42 km-2 and 7.37% respectively. The maximum point density and maximum area density of landslide traces in the area are as high as 5.69 km-2 and 98.0% respectively. The landslides are primarily distributed in the relatively low-elevation northeastern part of Jianzha County, characterized mainly by large-scale loess landslides, with 14 landslides exceeding 1×106 m2. This inventory not only supplements the landslide trace data in the transition zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Loess Plateau, but also provides an important basis for subsequent landslide risk zoning, response to climate change, and landscape evolution. Additionally, it holds significant reference value for compiling landslide inventories in similar geological environments.