Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Non Fermentative Gram Negative Bacilli in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India

Introduction: Non Fermentative Gram Negative Bacilli (NFGNB), which are saprophytic in nature, have emerged as important pathogens. They have been associated with infections such as septicaemia, meningitis, pneumonia, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and surgical site infections. They exhibit resistance to beta lactams and also to other groups of antibiotics and carbapenems. Aim: To identify and isolate NFGNB from various clinical samples and to know their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Materials and Methods: The present study was a crosssectional study done in the Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India, from July 2018 to August 2019. The study was done on 204 clinical samples that were inoculated on different growth media. The non fermenters were identified by conventional methods and isolates that were not identified, were subjected to automated system (MicroScan autoSCAN-4 system). The susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet 10 and all analysis was performed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 24.0. Results: A total of 100 NFGNB were isolated from 204 clinical samples. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was the most common non-fermenter (49%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) (19%), P. fluorescens (17%), Acinetobacter lwoffii (A. lwoffii) (4%), Alcaligenes faecalis (A. faecalis) (4%), Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) (3%), Pseudomonas putida (P. putida) (2%) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) (2%). The NFGNB showed good sensitivity to imipenem (97%), amikacin (53%) , and 92% resistance to cefipime, 75%, 73%, 49%, and 48%, resistance to ceftazidime, ticarcillin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, respectively. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were the common NFGNB isolated in the present study from surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, bacteraemia, and ventilator associated pneumonia. The different species of NFGNB have shown a varied sensitivity pattern. All NFGNB showed higher rate of resistance to cefipime and ceftazidime and good sensitivity to imipenem, and amikacin.