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Safety evaluation of the Guardian device on the common carotid artery in sheep
- Source :
- Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp e14909- (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- Elsevier, 2023.
-
Abstract
- Background: Pulse pressure intensity in middle-aged adults is a risk factor for dementia. The Guardian device (The Brain Protection Company, Sydney, Australia) has been developed to reduce pulse pressure, as a potential therapy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of the Guardian, a novel pulse modulation device designed to reduce the intensity of the pulse pressure that penetrates into the cerebral small vessels. The Guardian is a helix that gently wraps around the common carotid artery (CCA) to slightly change its shape, to absorb pulsatility, without lowering flow. Methods: The Guardian was implanted bilaterally on the CCAs of 10 mature sheep for chronic implant periods of 3, 6 or 8 months. The ratio of internal device diameter to outer diameter of the CCA varied from 63% to 92% (n = 20). The implant position on the vessel was marked surgically at implant. Gross pathology and histopathology of the CCA were examined at 3- and 6-months post explant. Most devices were explanted using open surgery, however minimally invasive surgical explant techniques were examined in 2 animals to assess the potential of this approach for explant in humans if required. Results: The Guardian was successfully implanted with no adverse events, and minimally invasive explant appeared to be viable for removal. Following implant, the device was surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule, with similar pathology at 3- and 6-months. Minimal or no movement was observed. CCA sections appeared histologically normal, with no evidence of thrombosis, stenosis, fibrosis, chronic inflammatory response, or vessel degeneration. Conclusions: The feasibility of surgical implantation and biomaterial safety of the Guardian was confirmed over 8 months. Minimally invasive explant of the Guardian has the potential to be viable. Further work is required to demonstrate efficacy in vitro and/or in vivo before evaluation in humans.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 24058440
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Heliyon
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.6945d2bb200842bba6c4d7e79460a64a
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14909