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Exploring the Role of Mediterranean and Westernized Diets and Their Main Nutrients in the Modulation of Oxidative Stress in the Placenta: A Narrative Review

Authors :
Cielo García-Montero
Oscar Fraile-Martinez
Diego De Leon-Oliva
Diego Liviu Boaru
Luis M. Garcia-Puente
Juan A. De León-Luis
Coral Bravo
Raul Diaz-Pedrero
Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
Melchor Álvarez-Mon
Natalio García-Honduvilla
Miguel A. Saez
Miguel A. Ortega
Source :
Antioxidants, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 1918 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a major cellular event that occurs in the placenta, fulfilling critical physiological roles in non-pathological pregnancies. However, exacerbated oxidative stress is a pivotal feature of different obstetric complications, like pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and other diseases. Compelling evidence supports the relevant role of diet during pregnancy, with pleiotropic consequences for maternal well-being. The present review aims to examine the complex background between oxidative stress and placental development and function in physiological conditions, also intending to understand the relationship between different dietary patterns and the human placenta, particularly how this could influence oxidative stress processes. The effects of Westernized diets (WDs) and high-fat diets (HFDs) rich in ultra-processed foods and different additives are compared with healthy patterns such as a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) abundant in omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, dietary fiber, and vitamins. Although multiple studies have focused on the role of specific nutrients, mostly in animal models and in vitro, further observational and intervention studies focusing on the placental structure and function in women with different dietary patterns should be conducted to understand the precise influence of diet on this organ.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20763921
Volume :
12
Issue :
11
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Antioxidants
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.6ad23ee4b88e4afe98fb8eb6a9952795
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12111918