Analysis of inertia damping characteristics of GFM wind turbines

Grid-forming （GFM） converters， known for their superior inertia damping characteristics， have emerged as a center research focus in the renewable energy sector. As a result， the damping characteristics of GFM wind power converters are first examined. The analysis centers on their equivalent external characteristics from an impedance standpoint， and the Bode stability criterion is utilized to study their stability during grid connection. Subsequently， the frequency support characteristics of GFM wind power converters are examined in terms of inertia. A comparative investigation is undertaken via simulation analysis to gauge the supportive capability of GFM and grid-following （GFL） wind power converters during alterations in grid frequency and power fluctuation on the wind turbine side. The findings reveal that the external impedance characteristics of GFM wind power converters not only display inductive properties but also maintain commendable stability throughout grid integration. In response to a grid malfunction， GFM wind power converters can furnish a significant measure of power support， equating to a rise in system inertia， thereby indicating favorable grid integration characteristics.