A hierarchical optimal configuration method for distributed energy storage in distribution networks

The rational configuration of distributed energy storage can not only realize p peak-shaving and valley-filling during distribution network operation， but also play an important role in improving the consumption of renewable energy and ensuring the safe， reliable， and economic operation of the power grid. In view of the user-side friendly interaction of distributed energy storage， this paper studies the hierarchical optimal configuration of distributed energy storage in distribution networks with a high proportion of PV. In the upper layer， multi-objective models of investment and operation cost and maximized consumption of distributed PV are established from the perspective of both economy and environmental protection. In the lower layer， the friendly interaction of distributed energy storage devices on peak shaving and valley filling of distribution networks is considered， and the daily net load deviation per unit tie-line power is established. For the established non-linear， multi-objective two-layer optimization model， a weight method is used to convert the multi-objective model in the upper layer into a single-objective one.Moreover， an improved genetic algorithm is used for the optimal solution. The simulation is validated by an improved IEEE 33-node example. The results show that the established optimization model can reflect the investment benefits of energy storage and the impact on new energy consumption. The users’ friendly interaction impacts both distributed energy storage configuration and PV consumption in varying degrees.