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Angular-Dependent THz Modulator with Hybrid Metal-Graphene Metastructures
- Source :
- Nanomaterials, Vol 13, Iss 13, p 1914 (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2023.
-
Abstract
- The coupling effects of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) from metamaterials induce variation in both the frequency and intensity of plasmonic modes. Here, we report an angular-dependent THz modulator with hybrid metal–graphene metastructures. The metastructures composed of the period gold split-rod arrays on top of a monolayer graphene, which show redshift modulation in the THz region with an increasing incident angle due to the strong out-of-plane magnetic flux introduced by the clockwise circular current at the oblique incidence. By utilizing graphene-based actively tunable conductor with ion-gel electrical gating, the THz transmission can be significantly modified. The modulation depth of the hybrid metal–graphene metastructure modulator can reach ~37.6% at 0.62 THz with a gate voltage of −3 V. The theoretical modeling of transmitted dependency on frequency and incident angle is demonstrated at different Fermi energies, which fits well with the experimental results. This hybrid device can offer a useful method for THz applications (such as angle sensors or angular-resolved spectroscopy), where angle-dependent modulation is needed.
- Subjects :
- graphene
metastructure
terahertz
modulation
Chemistry
QD1-999
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20794991
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 13
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Nanomaterials
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.6ef94932a1404723b49850e97dc05fe0
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13131914