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Angular-Dependent THz Modulator with Hybrid Metal-Graphene Metastructures

Authors :
Huan Wang
Jiajun Linghu
Xuezhi Wang
Qiyi Zhao
Hao Shen
Source :
Nanomaterials, Vol 13, Iss 13, p 1914 (2023)
Publication Year :
2023
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2023.

Abstract

The coupling effects of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) from metamaterials induce variation in both the frequency and intensity of plasmonic modes. Here, we report an angular-dependent THz modulator with hybrid metal–graphene metastructures. The metastructures composed of the period gold split-rod arrays on top of a monolayer graphene, which show redshift modulation in the THz region with an increasing incident angle due to the strong out-of-plane magnetic flux introduced by the clockwise circular current at the oblique incidence. By utilizing graphene-based actively tunable conductor with ion-gel electrical gating, the THz transmission can be significantly modified. The modulation depth of the hybrid metal–graphene metastructure modulator can reach ~37.6% at 0.62 THz with a gate voltage of −3 V. The theoretical modeling of transmitted dependency on frequency and incident angle is demonstrated at different Fermi energies, which fits well with the experimental results. This hybrid device can offer a useful method for THz applications (such as angle sensors or angular-resolved spectroscopy), where angle-dependent modulation is needed.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20794991
Volume :
13
Issue :
13
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Nanomaterials
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.6ef94932a1404723b49850e97dc05fe0
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13131914