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Effect of Modified and Unmodified Oak Bark (Quercus Cortex) on the Cross-Linking Process and Mechanical, Anti-Aging, and Hydrophobic Properties of Biocomposites Produced from Natural Rubber (NR)

Authors :
Aleksandra Smejda-Krzewicka
Konrad Mrozowski
Krzysztof Strzelec
Source :
Materials, Vol 17, Iss 9, p 1968 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

The study explores the novel use of oak bark (Quercus cortex) as a bio-filler in elastomeric composites, aligning with the global trend of plant-based biocomposites. Both modified and unmodified oak bark were investigated for their impact on the physicochemical properties of natural rubber (NR) composites. The bio-filler modified with n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane exhibited enhanced dispersion and reduced aggregates in the elastomeric matrix. NR composites containing more than 20 phr of unmodified and modified oak bark demonstrated an increased degree of cross-linking (αc > 0.21). Mechanical properties were optimal at 10–15 phr of oak bark and the sample with modified bio-filler (10 phr) achieved the highest tensile strength (15.8 MPa). Silanization and the addition of the bio-filler increased the hardness of vulcanizates. The incorporation of oak bark improved aging resistance at least two-fold due to phenolic derivatives with antioxidant properties. Hydrophobicity decreased with added bark, but silanization reversed the trend, making samples with a high content of oak bark the most hydrophobic (contact angle: 129°). Overall, oak bark shows promise as an eco-friendly, anti-aging filler in elastomeric composites, with modification enhancing compatibility and hydrophobicity.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19961944
Volume :
17
Issue :
9
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Materials
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.6f2a450064ca4b89b116b905a70a2cd8
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17091968